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Everything
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Isavasyopanishad
or the Isa Upanishad is one of the most wonderful book of ancient Indian wisdom. Often called as the 'Gem' among all 108 Principal Upanishads, this book of just 18 verses, contains the essence of all
knowledge that as been contemplated and experienced by Indian thinkers & philosophers. All those, who are interested in the questions of our relationship with the
Universe, will find one of the most interesting and fascinating answers in this book. Originally written in Sanskrit language, its first verse
(which is actually a kind of declaration mantra recited in the beginning and end of the Upanishad) gives the whole essence of the Upanishad. This famous Shanti Mantra, Puranamadah Purnamidam... encompasses within itself the entire message of Vedanta.
It unequivocally declares that there is nothing but one non-dual divinity in the entire
Universe.
Again, instead of going into the verse by verse explanation of this text, I am describing the fundamental idea
which this book propose:
Om. That is full; this is full.
This fullness has been projected from that fullness.
When this fullness merges in that fullness,
all that remains is fullness.
Om. Peace! Peace! Peace!
(The
beginning & ending mantra of Isavasyopanishad)
We shall start with two questions:
First Question:
Is there anything from which if we subtract a part of it, even then there is no decrease in its
value ?
(Can
you think of anything like that ? The question defy any mathematical logic
)
Second Question:
Is there anything in which if we add a part of it, even then there is no increase in its value.
(Another
question that defy any mathematical logic. )
In this unique Upanishad, we find the mention of a thing from which if we subtract the whole of it, even then there
will be no decrease in its value. And if we add in it the whole of it. then there will be no increase in its value.
Though this statement defies any mathematical logic, yet the beauty of this book
lies in the fact that it tells us that some of the most fundamental truths of life defy any logic.
It
means that if that thing is 'x' then
Normally Subtracting x from x should take us to Zero
x - x = 0
But
this Upanishad says x-x = x ( how ???? )
Again
normally adding x to x should come up with 2x
x + x = 2x
But
Isavasyopanishad says x + x = x (how ????)
What can be the value of this 'x' ? Let us try to find the answer of the
above two question with the help of some analogies.
Consider ocean, it is a huge collection of water. Every year thousand of tons of water get evaporated from it by the effect of Sun. However, there
appears no significant reduction in Sea level. At any given moment, somewhere on earth, raining is continue. Every moment thousand of tons of water is
being poured into the ocean by all kind of big and small rivers such as Amazon, Nile, Hwang
ho and Ganga etc. However, there has been no significant increase in the sea level.
So in view of this seemingly constant amount of water in all
circumstances, can we say that oceans are the answer of above questions?
Can
we say [ocean] - [ocean] = [ocean] or
[ocean] + [ocean] = [ocean] ?
Perhaps
not. In absolute term, level of water in ocean keep rising and falling
depending upon the collective atmospheric changes of rain, evaporation and influx of water river.
Let us take 'space'. Everything around us comes under the space. In the journey of time, cities emerges , then
vanquished, new cities comes, people built house in space, live in them , rebuild them in space. The biggest of the mountains and smallest of the creatures all spent their lives in space . Every
phenomena of nature, every creation and every destruction takes place in space and yet the space remains intact.
There appears no decrease or increase in its quantity. So can we say that 'Space' is the answer of above questions?
Can
we say [space] + [space] = [space]
or
[space] - [space] = [space]
Though space seems to be very probable answer of above mentioned two
questions, it is not the
correct answer in absolute term. If we observe from an absolute term,
even the space get an increase or decrease in its value.
A house is built in space. After a very-very long time, that house will decayed completely from wear &
tear. After a very long time, there will be no house in that space
and there will again be space
in the place of that house. However it is clear that during the period when the house
was in existence, at least some portion of that space was occupied by house and for all practical purpose, this particular portion
of space could not be used for any other thing. Therefore, though
on a very minimum scale, the value of available space decreased for a limited period of time as this space
was utilized by the house. Hence, in absolute terms, the
quantity of space increases or decreases depending on the size and
quantity of objects that occupy space.
In the above mentioned analogies of Ocean and Space, I discussed these two
very big entities
(ocean and space) which seems to be constant even if some of their parts are added or subtracted from them. However,
the Isa Upanishad talks of an entity which remains intact even in
subtraction or addition of its entire value from it. In this Upanishad it has been stated that the whole comes out from the whole yet the whole remains. Please notice that not a small part of this whole entity comes out of it, this entire whole comes out of it, yet the whole remains. And not a small part of whole is added into it. The whole entity is added into it, yet the whole remains. The whole in its entirety emerge from this fullness
and again merge into this, yet the whole remains intact.
Let us make these things more clear, if this whole entity is x, then
x - x = x
x + x = x
The whole Universe merge from x
yet the x remains as it is.
The whole Universe merge into x
yet the x remains as it is.
What is this 'x'
x = reality = God
It has been said that there is 'something' from which the whole Universe
emerges and again merges into
that and yet that 'something' remains intact. This wholeness is God or divine consciousness.
Upanishad is pointing towards God or super consciousness or the divinity whatever you may call it. The whole
Universe emerges from God or divine consciousness and yet God/ divine consciousness remains intact. Let us understand it from a more scientific angle.
In the beginning there was nothing but this divine consciousness. Then Big bang occurred and
Universe was born which later gave rise to earth and thereafter life on it. …In future, at some point of time, the whole
Universe will again merged into this divine consciousness (the birth of Universe
is named Big bang, I don't know what this seemingly death of Universe will be called. But ultimately in the end, there will again be divine consciousness, in its entirety.
Then again there will be another big bang, another earth, another human race and life on earth…..The again….in that remote future, this next
Universe will again merge into the divine consciousness……And this process will continue.
Sounds interesting ? . If we contemplate over this cyclic play of divine consciousness,
an interesting thought comes
to mind....
If the Universe continue to just emerge from and merge into
this divine consciousness in the chronicles of time, can we convincingly called our earth and
Universe the first product of this cycle?
If Universe emerges and merges into this divine consciousness, then can anybody
guess how many Universe have come and gone before our present Universe ?
And how many earths which were part of those previously existed Universe
have come into existence ?
There is no way by which we can tell
this because every birth and death of Universe completely remove all traces of
the past Universe. A new Universe is a fresh product of divine consciousness. When it will die
(or merged into the consciousness), the divine consciousness will again give birth to a new
Universe which will have a new earth and a new life. This life will belong to an entirely new
Universe with no traces of past and this process will continue….again and again.
This revelation reminds us of a verse of Bhagavad-Gita. In the battleground of Kurukshetra. When Arjuna started trembling seeing his near and dear standing on the other side ready to fight with him, he felt the urge to quit and fled away from the war front. At this juncture, Lord Krishna who was his chariot says to him,
"O Arjuna, there was never a time, when you were not there. There was never a time when I
or your near and dears, standing on the opposite side, were not there.
And in future also, there will never be a time when you, I or these near & dears of you will not be there. "
In entire Gita, Krishna only tries to convince Arjuna about this supreme reality, about this play of divine consciousness.
Now two questions arise in mind:
(1) If the whole Universe emanate from the supreme consciousness and again merge into it, then
where this supreme consciousness reside ? At a place outside this Universe? There must be some location of this Supreme consciousness from which this
Universe come out and merge into.
(2) It has been said that the wholeness comes out of wholeness, yet
the wholeness remains intact. When this such a large Universe emerges from this Supreme consciousness
how can this Supreme consciousness remains the same. There must be some decline in
its value. It seems practical and logical from a mathematical point of view.
The above two questions are very natural to an ordinary mind which is
not capable to see them from a cosmic perspective. The fact is that we as a human being are
habitual of comprehending a phenomena from our own limited perspective.
Normally when we subtract or add a part of something from or into it, its value decreases or increases. But these things
(the process of addition or subtraction) happens in a plane of reference which we are able to observe from our senses. Always the
addition or subtraction takes place in a third plane. Whenever there is a decrease or increase in the value of something as a result of removing or adding a part
from ( or to) it, this incident (of subtraction or addition) takes place in a surrounding which is not a part of this incident.
For example- suppose in a room, a tub full of water is placed. Adding some water into the tub or removing some water from the tub,
results into a increase or decrease in the total quantity of water. The thing to note here is that this
incident ( of addition or removal of water from the tub) takes pace in tub which is not a part of this 'change in
quantity of water'. Moreover this tub is place in a room which is not a part of it. On a broader level, the intake of water into the ocean and evaporation of it from heat, results in the total quantity of water but this whole incident take place in space which is not part of this incident.
Taking example of space. If a house is built on a particular space then presence of this house on that place results in a decrease in the quality of total space available. However, this decrease in space (as a result of that house) occurred in a surrounding
of the rest of the space which is not a part of it.
When we consider the case of supreme consciousness from which the whole Universe
emerge, it has to be taken into account that this emanating of Universe from supreme consciousness and its eventual merger into it does not take place in a surrounding which is not a part of it.
It simply means that the Universe itself is a manifestation of that supreme consciousness and when this
Universe emerge from this supreme consciousness a part of this consciousness itself become visible in the form of the
Universe. But there is no decrease in the value of this consciousness because there is no surrounding outside in which this incident takes place. This supreme consciousness is everywhere, it is the formless foundation of all, pervaded
in every particle of Universe. There is no location where it is not present. When the
Universe merge into it and emanate from it, in actuality the supreme consciousness just manifest itself as
Universe, thus whole value of consciousness remains intact as there is no surrounding where it is not present.
From absolute, if an absolute emerge, the absolute remains as there is nothing beyond the
absolute. All those who meditate can experience the presence of this supreme consciousness in
them. The entire world, the whole Universe and all its activities are the continuous play of this supreme consciousness in the eternal chronicles of time ! The
Universe will continue to born and die, earth and planets like earth had existed in the past and will continue to flourish in future. Since from a human perspective (according to which we have a limited period of time on earth in which we all see childhood, youth & old age) there is a measurement of happening, known as time. And as such there has been a particular duration (in terms of time) between birth and death of
Universe.
Om Shanti Shanti. Let there be peace, peace and peace !
The recitation of peace chant is the natural consequence of this understanding. If there is a cyclic play of supreme consciousness( God) is going on, then what is our place in this
play ? On this cosmic level, we are just like waves of ocean. Wave emerge and merge into the ocean. This play is continue and the ocean remains intact as it is. So there is no need for panic, tensions or any kind of ill thinking. In this cosmic scale, everything belongs to that super consciousness, everything manifests from it and ultimately merge into it. Contemplate on this truth, feel it from the perspective of your own life experience. There will be no reason for sorrow. Let there be calm. Accept the function of this cosmic game and learn to align your life with this universal choreographer. Let there be peace, let there be peace.
Next:
4th
idea for contemplation
Time
Energy Space: TES Hypothesis
